8. [284][288], The Canadian Space Agency operates a highly active space program, conducting deep-space, planetary, and aviation research, and developing rockets and satellites. [155], Canada is described as a "full democracy",[156] with a tradition of liberalism,[157] and an egalitarian,[158] moderate political ideology. Citizens have the right, where there is sufficient demand, to receive federal government services in either English or French and official-language minorities are guaranteed their own schools in all provinces and territories. Canada is a country in North America.Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering 9.98 million square kilometres (3.85 million square miles), making it the world's second-largest country by total area.Its southern and western border with the United States, stretching 8,891 kilometres (5,525 mi), is the world's . Canadians are regarded as genteel, decent and generous people, unlike the Americans who are often perceived as self-righteous and obnoxious. [74] British Columbia and Vancouver Island (which had been united in 1866) joined the confederation in 1871 on the promise of a transcontinental railway extending to Victoria in the province within 10 years,[75] while Prince Edward Island joined in 1873. In addition to having a higher adolescent pregnancy rate, the United States has higher rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among adolescents than most other developed countries. To encourage thoughtful and respectful conversations, first and last names will appear with each submission to CBC/Radio-Canada's online communities (except in children and youth-oriented communities). In the U.K., Canada has long been the butt of jokes. [400] Government policies such as publicly funded health care, higher taxation to redistribute wealth, the outlawing of capital punishment, strong efforts to eliminate poverty, strict gun control—alongside legislation with a social liberal attitude toward women's rights (like pregnancy termination), LGBTQ rights, assisted euthanasia and cannabis use—are indicators of Canada's political and cultural values. [363], The 1977 Charter of the French Language established French as the official language of Quebec. Canada turns away Americans and travelers from other countries at the border every single day due to criminal inadmissibility based on a criminal conviction on their record . [358] Between 2011 and 2016, the visible minority population rose by 18.4 percent. A highly developed country, Canada has the seventeenth-highest nominal per-capita income globally and the sixteenth-highest ranking in the Human Development Index. As the CBC reports, Canada's International Development . Canada, Germany and France are seen as remaining relatively neutral amid a global tidal wave of nationalistic populism. [47] In general, early settlements during the Age of Discovery appear to have been short-lived due to a combination of the harsh climate, problems with navigating trade routes and competing outputs in Scandinavia. You will likely be permitted to transit across Canada, but there are several requirements to follow. You’re close, though. [289] Canada was the third country to design and construct a satellite after the Soviet Union and the United States, with the 1962 Alouette 1 launch. Since funding for Canadian Studies evaporated, even our graduate students are looking elsewhere. Political differences in the past had created a rift but today the picture is changing and there seems to be greater optimism with respect to forging connections in different spheres, especially with a large Indian diaspora in Canada. [101], Finally, another series of constitutional conferences resulted in the UK's Canada Act 1982, the patriation of Canada's constitution from the United Kingdom, concurrent with the creation of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. [194], The Constitution of Canada is the supreme law of the country, and consists of written text and unwritten conventions. For most countries, there is a clear lack of trust in Mr Trump's international policy in comparison to his predecessor, but the trends, as tracked by Pew since 2002, do appear to have a partisan . [44] No further European exploration occurred until 1497, when Italian seafarer John Cabot explored and claimed Canada's Atlantic coast in the name of King Henry VII of England. Found inside – Page 81One picture is seen from Canada's perspective; the other relates to how other countries see (or hopefully see) Canada's mining industry. As a new economy player, the department sees the mining sector as a world- class, ... The curriculum about Canada focuses on Chinese immigrants, bilingualism and multiculturalism, which is perceived as the best, if not perfect, choice to solve problems of ethnic conflicts and social harmony. [436] The national anthem of Canada, "O Canada", was originally commissioned by the lieutenant governor of Quebec, Théodore Robitaille, for the 1880 St. Jean-Baptiste Day ceremony, and was officially adopted in 1980. [310] About four-fifths of the population lives within 150 kilometres (93 mi) of the border with the contiguous United States. One issue about being Canadian in the U.K. — I've lived here since 2003 — happens every time I get into a taxi and open my mouth. Canada takes up about two-fifths of the North American continent, making it the second-largest country in the world after Russia. sources. [154] In the southern regions of Canada, air pollution from both Canada and the United States—caused by metal smelting, burning coal to power utilities, and vehicle emissions—has resulted in acid rain, which has severely impacted waterways, forest growth and agricultural productivity in Canada. [207] These treaties are agreements between the Canadian Crown-in-Council with the duty to consult and accommodate. New Zealand (196.8) and Canada (195.9) have seen ratios of housing prices to rents nearly double since 2015. According to Canada FAQ, the country stretches across 3.8 million square miles (9.9 million square kilometres), which means the UK could fit into Canada over 40 times. Best Countries 2021: Canada No. Canada is located in the northern hemisphere and is part of North America. Elodie Rousselot teaches English literature at the University of Portsmouth in Portsmouth, U.K. In the recent years, however, this perception of Canada has undergone a paradigm shift. Get global experience now. [196] The Statute of Westminster 1931 granted full autonomy, and the Constitution Act, 1982 ended all legislative ties to Britain, as well as adding a constitutional amending formula and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Given that research, and the smorgasbord of other data from around the world, Ontario's move to offer third doses to older, vulnerable groups makes sense for the rest of Canada. [304] India, Philippines and China are the top three countries of origin for immigrants moving to Canada. Box 500 Station A Toronto, ON Canada, M5W 1E6. And to the government which persecutes or demonizes these heroes we say: the world is watching. The Dutch are attracted to the down-to-earth Canadian spirit. [152], Much of Northern Canada is covered by ice and permafrost; however, the future of the permafrost is uncertain because the Arctic has been warming at three times the global average as a result of climate change in Canada. Strict police enforcement and severe sentences tend to reduce crime rates. Andrew Holman is the Director of Canadian Studies and a history professor at Bridgewater State University in Massachusetts. [139] The boreal forest of Canada is considered to be the largest intact forest on Earth, with approximately 3,000,000 km2 (1,200,000 sq mi) undisturbed by roads, cities or industry. [346], The mandatory education age ranges between 5–7 to 16–18 years,[347] contributing to an adult literacy rate of 99 percent. [94], The Canadian economy boomed during the war as its industries manufactured military materiel for Canada, Britain, China, and the Soviet Union. Canada is the world's second-largest country after Russia. [23][24] The Paleo-Indian archeological sites at Old Crow Flats and Bluefish Caves are two of the oldest sites of human habitation in Canada. She teaches and researches on Canada at Ulster University in Northern Ireland and was Deputy Chair of the UK's recent evaluation of university research on Area Studies. [243] Provinces have more autonomy than territories, having responsibility for social programs such as health care, education, and welfare. [206] Most notably, a series of eleven treaties known as the Numbered Treaties were signed between the Indigenous peoples and the reigning monarch of Canada between 1871 and 1921. [161][162], At the federal level, Canada has been dominated by two relatively centrist parties practising "brokerage politics",[a] the centre-left leaning Liberal Party of Canada and the centre-right leaning Conservative Party of Canada (or its predecessors). [401][402][403] Canadians also identify with the country's foreign aid policies, peacekeeping roles, the National park system and the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. [56] Mainland Nova Scotia came under British rule with the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht, and Canada and most of New France came under British rule in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. [257] Canada's exports totalled over CA$585 billion, while its imported goods were worth over CA$607 billion, of which approximately CA$391 billion originated from the United States, CA$216 billion from non-U.S. [327] Canada has one of the highest rates of adult obesity among Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries attributing to approximately 2.7 million cases of diabetes (types 1 and 2 combined). Recently, it became obvious that national interest is a top priority for Canada's foreign policy strategy. Last week, she rolled her six-year-old eyes before lunch and said, "Don’t tell me, another recipe from Chatelaine." [336] Education in Canada is generally divided into primary education, followed by secondary education and post-secondary. In Canada, this reflects a drop of 8 percentage points since people were last asked their top ally in 2007, from 54% to 46%. Many of us are aware of Canada’s generous help during the Korean War. She's a visiting professor at York University in Toronto this year. 7. [345] As of 2014[update], 89 percent of adults aged 25 to 64 have earned the equivalent of a high-school degree, compared to an OECD average of 75 percent.
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