UNFPA Identifies a Way Forward Nepal, Afghanistan, and the Lao People’s Democratic Republic must invest in youth development to The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an economic cooperation organisation in the region which was established in 1985 and includes all eight nations comprising South Asia. However, during the partition of India, Bengal was partitioned into East Pakistan and West Bengal. [192][193][194], Religion in British India in the 1871-1872 Census (data includes modern-day India, Bangladesh, most of Pakistan (including Sindh, Punjab, and Balochistan), Kashmir, and coastal Myanmar))[195], South Asia is home to some of the most populated urban areas in the world. [132][133][134], Revolts against the Delhi Sultanate sprang up in many parts of South Asia during the 14th century. [105], The Greek army led by Alexander the Great stayed in the Hindu Kush region of South Asia for several years and then later moved into the Indus valley region. South Africa’s youthful population is gradually aging, as the country’s total fertility rate (TFR) has declined dramatically from about 6 children per woman in the 1960s to roughly 2.2 in 2014. The growth rate is declining in Eastern South and Middle South Asia as well. The World Bank Group has two overarching goals: End extreme poverty by 2030 and promote shared prosperity by boosting the incomes of the bottom 40 percent of the population in each economy. Afghanistan has been suffering from one of the most unstable regimes on earth as a result of multiple foreign invasions, civil wars, revolutions and terrorist groups. The prevalence of underweight children in India is among the highest in the world and is nearly double that of Sub Saharan Africa with dire consequences for mobility, mortality, productivity, and economic growth. Sookoohy M., Bhadreswar – Oldest Islamic Monuments in India, This page was last edited on 13 September 2021, at 07:03. Bangladesh is a unitary state and parliamentary democracy. Overall, South Asia’s growing population will have a significant impact on its geography. In 2019, the mid-year population of India was … [109] Buddhism, by the last centuries of the 1st millennium BCE, was prominent in the Himalayan region, Gandhara, Hindu Kush region and Bactria. [283] India's nuclear test in 1974 pushed Pakistan's nuclear program[284] who conducted nuclear tests in Chagai-I in 1998, just 18 days after India's series of nuclear tests for thermonuclear weapons.[285]. For forecasted years, the U.N. medium-fertility variant is used. The continent includes the two most populous countries, China and India, which together account for nearly two-fifths of all people. Chart and table of South Asia population from 1950 to 2021. [93][94] The Indo-Aryans were pastoralists[95] who migrated into north-western India after the collapse of the Indus Valley Civilization,[92][96] Linguistic and archaeological data show a cultural change after 1500 BCE,[92] with the linguistic and religious data clearly showing links with Indo-European languages and religion. [144][145] The economic developments on South Asia waved the period of proto-industrialization. [150][151][152][153], In Aurangzeb's time, almost all of South Asia was claimed by the Mughal Empire. [264], Afghanistan has been a unitary presidential Islamic republic since 2004. Law of Bangladesh defines it as both Islamic[261] as well as secular. The political situation in Sri Lanka has been dominated by an increasingly assertive Sinhalese nationalism, and the emergence of a Tamil separatist movement under LTTE, which was suppressed in May 2009. [234], Children's education in the region is also adversely affected by natural and human-made crises including natural hazards, political instability, rising extremism and civil strife that makes it difficult to deliver educational services. This Book Closely Looks At The Various Aspects Of The Population Of South Asia Over The Past Twenty-Five Centuries With Special Focus On Specific Aspects Of The Interaction Between Demography, Climate, Health, Medicine And Culture. In 2019, the mid-year population of India was … basic necessities - food, clothing, shelter . Her parents named her Astha, which means “faith” in the Hindi language. The spoken language is similar, but it is written in three scripts. [100][101] The first recorded state-level society in South Asia existed around 1000 BCE. South Asia contains the bulk of the world's poor, and thus is an area of major concern. Most of the growth will be in South Asia where population will leap from 1.3 to 1.8 billion. Asia is the largest and moust populous continent on earth and is notable for its fast-growing economy. India is followed by Bangladesh, which has a GDP of ($378.656 billion) and a GDP per capita of $2214, which is 3rd in the region. There are however a few notable outliers: across several countries in South and East Asia – most notably India and China – there are significantly fewer females than males. Why are river valley among the most densely populated areas of south Asia. Answer. The most densely populated areas of Asia are Tokyo, Japan, Maldives (a tropical nation of hundreds of islands in the Indian Ocean), Bahrain, Bangladesh, and Taiwan. 91–109. Interestingly, the report projected China's population, currently the highest in the world, to decrease by 2050. Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka is among the countries with the highest population in south Asia, with of population of 21.7 million people and an annual growth rate of 1.1%. The country is an Island in the Indian Ocean with population density of 325 people per square kilometer. [104][failed verification] These ideas led to Sramana movements, of which Mahavira (c. 549–477 BCE), proponent of Jainism, and Buddha (c. 563–483), founder of Buddhism, were the most prominent icons. The region consists of the countries of Afghanistan,[note 2] Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and the Maldives. [79] The Centres for South Asian Studies at both the University of Michigan and the University of Virginia include Tibet along with the eight members of SAARC in their research programs, but exclude the Maldives. With the fall of the Rajput kingdoms and Vijayanagara, its boundaries encompassed almost the entirety of the Indian subcontinent. South Asia includes the countries Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Asia - Asia - Demographic trends: Asia constitutes roughly one-third of the world’s land area and is home to about three-fifths of its population. [18][19][20] Afghanistan is, however, considered by some to be a part of Central Asia, Western Asia, or the Middle East. Excerpts from "Family Planning and Islam: A Review" in Hamdard Islamicus Vol. United Nations projections are also included through the year 2100. Bangladesh (two million) and Pakistan (1.8 million) stood at distant second and third positions in the region. [180] The Devanagari script is used for over 120 South Asian languages,[181] including Hindi,[182] Marathi, Nepali, Pali, Konkani, Bodo, Sindhi and Maithili among other languages and dialects, making it one of the most used and adopted writing systems in the world. In fact, of the 10 most populous countries in the world in 1998, three were located in South Asia: India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. 1,962,272,405. Contributed articles. [88] The earliest prehistoric culture have roots in the mesolithic sites as evidenced by the rock paintings of Bhimbetka rock shelters dating to a period of 30,000 BCE or older,[note 4] as well as neolithic times. South Asia. Nepal was the last Hindu state in world before becoming a secular democratic republic in 2008. [87], The history of core South Asia begins with evidence of human activity of Homo sapiens, as long as 75,000 years ago, or with earlier hominids including Homo erectus from about 500,000 years ago. United Nations projections are also included through the year 2100. India. In 2020, approximately 42.3 percent of the population in … This book sheds light on social policies in six South Asian countries introduced between 2003 and 2013, examining the ways in which these policies have come about, and what this reflects about the nature of the state in each of these ... But, at the beginning of June, the jetstreams vanish above the Tibetan Plateau, low pressure over the Indus Valley deepens and the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) moves in. The current population of South Asia in … v } Migration in South Asia: Poverty and Vulnerability List of Tables Table 1.1: Proportion of urban population -1960 and 2018 2 Table 1.2: Population growth in the year 2018 2 In 2020, the estimated total population in India amounted approximately to 1.38 billion people. Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in 1979 accelerated efforts to form a union to restrengthen deteriorating regional security. By Irfan Nooruddin. In 2015, approximately 281 million people in the region were malnourished. International Assistance to Southeast Asia Assistance from China. [165][166][167] It may be noted that geophysically the Yarlung Tsangpo River in Tibet is situated at the outside of the border of the regional structure, while the Pamir Mountains in Tajikistan are situated inside that border.[168]. Since the formation of its republic abolishing British law, it has remained a democracy with civil liberties, an active Supreme Court, and a largely independent press. D. R. M. (2013). South Asia continues to remain least integrated region in the world. The Indian Plate includes most of South Asia, forming a land mass which extends from the Himalayas into a portion of the basin under the Indian Ocean, including parts of South China and Eastern Indonesia, as well as Kunlun and Karakoram ranges,[163][164] and extending up to but not including Ladakh, Kohistan, the Hindu Kush range and Balochistan. According to the 2020 edition of Demographia World Urban Areas, the region contains 8 of the world's 35 megacities (urban areas over 10 million population):[208], Cricket is the most popular sport in South Asia,[209] with 90% of the sport's fans in the Indian subcontinent.[210]. South Asia's northern, eastern, and western boundaries vary based on definitions used, while the Indian Ocean is the southern periphery. While over half of the students complete secondary school with acquiring requisite skills. Year: as of July 1 of the year indicated. The Delta variant is contributing to a rapid rise in Covid cases in parts of Asia causing a severe strain on health infrastructure in some countries. Astha, however,was special. 20% or 1/5. Iran. While the number of malnourished people in the neighborhood has shown a decline over the last 25 years, the number of under-nourished in Pakistan displays an upward trend. [189] The Indian religions are distinct yet share terminology, concepts, goals and ideas, and from South Asia spread into East Asia and southeast Asia. It is bordered by India to … Atlas of the Languages and Ethnic Communities of South Asia, Second Edition will be an indispensable reference and resource tool to academics, students, and researchers interested in linguistics, geography, cultural studies, reference, ... [53], The World Bank and United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) recognizes the eight SAARC countries as South Asia,[54][55][56][57] The Hirschman–Herfindahl index of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific for the region excludes Afghanistan from South Asia. [259] India has been facing notable internal religious conflicts and separatism however consistently becoming more and more stable with time. There were 28.7 million hungry in Pakistan in the 1990s – a number that has steadily increased to 41.3 million in 2015 with 22% of the population malnourished. [124][129] Mu'izz sought a Sunni Islamic kingdom of his own extending east of the Indus river, and he thus laid the foundation for the Muslim kingdom that became the Delhi Sultanate. [103], Increasing urbanisation of India between 800 and 400 BCE, and possibly the spread of urban diseases, contributed to the rise of ascetic movements and of new ideas which challenged the orthodox Brahmanism. South Asia has grown rapidly with significant reductions in poverty, but it has not been able to match the fast-growing working age population, leading to lingering concerns about jobless growth and poor job quality. [278][279], Partition of India in 1947, subsequent violence and territorial disputes left relations between India and Pakistan sour and very hostile[280] and various confrontations and wars which largely shaped the politics of the region and led to the creation of Bangladesh. [139], The modern history period of South Asia, that is 16th-century onwards, witnessed the start of the Central Asian dynasty named the Mughals, with Turkish-Mongol roots and Sunni Islam theology. This demand will ease in East Asia due to declining … Mid-year population South Asia 2019 by country. [263] Bangladesh also stands out as one of the few Muslim-majority democracies. The change is violent. It also helps to improve the status of females by giving them job opportunities outside the home. Bhutan, Maldives and Sri Lanka have the lowest number of people below the poverty line, with 2.4%, 1.5% and 4.1% respectively. Only sub-Saharan Africa had a higher rate of children not learning. The military rule and the unstable government in Pakistan has become a concern for the South Asian region. Tensions between Sinhalese and Tamils led to Sri Lankan civil war that undermined the country's stability for more than two and a half decades. Density (P/Km²): (Population Density) Population per square Kilometer (Km²). [51][52] The South Asia Free Trade Agreement admitted Afghanistan in 2011. Tauris. [21][22][23][24][25] After the Second Anglo-Afghan War, it was a British protectorate until 1919. The population density in Southern Asia is 300 per Km 2 (776 people per mi 2). According to a World Bank report in 2015, driven by a strong expansion in India, coupled with favorable oil prices, from the last quarter of 2014 South Asia became the fastest-growing region in the world[212], According to the World Bank's 2011 report, based on 2005 ICP PPP, about 24.6% of the South Asian population falls below the international poverty line of $1.25/day. [58] Population Information Network (POPIN) excludes Maldives which is included as a member Pacific POPIN subregional network. Mid-year population South Asia 2019 by country. It regards itself as a link between Central Asia and South Asia. The diverse population has been brought … Chart and table of South Asia population from 1950 to 2021. Education is essential to break the cycle of poverty and provide South Asians with the means to raise their standard of living. It is indeed sobering to realize that Asia’s share of the world’s population in 2010 will be nearly 61 percent. [34], The common definition of South Asia is largely inherited from the administrative boundaries of the British Raj,[35] with several exceptions. South Asia is home to over 1.3 billion people, one in every five persons in the world, although it accounts for only one-thirteenth of the Earth’s surface. Dominant in Sri Lanka and Maldives. But these people live on less than 3 percent of the world's land area. It is indeed sobering to realize that Asia’s share of the world’s population in 2010 will be nearly 61 percent. [84] The similar program of Columbia University includes Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka in their study and excludes Burma. population in 2020 requires an additional million jobs per month between South Asia and East Asia. Fertility Rate: (Total Fertility Rate, or TFR), it is expressed as children per woman. [13] Hindus make up about 68 percent or about 900 million and Muslims at 31 percent or 510 million of the overall South Asia population,[188] while Buddhists, Jains, Christians and Sikhs constitute most of the rest. According to Nicholas Eberstadt ("Power and Population in Asia," Policy Review , February/March 2004, pp. The Deccan and northeastern region of South Asia was largely under Hindu kings such as those of Vijayanagara Empire and Ahom kingdom,[140] with some regions such as parts of modern Telangana and Andhra Pradesh under local Sultanates such as the Shia Islamic rulers of Golconda Sultanate. Southern parts are mostly hot in summers and receive rain during monsoon periods. South Korea: 51,269,185: 0.09 %: 43,877: 527: 97,230: 11,731: 1.1: 44: 82 %: 0.66 %: 14: … Subsequently, under the influence of Muslim rulers of the Islamic sultanates and the Mughal Empire, Islam spread in South Asia. Pakistan is the 36 largest country in the world in terms of area. It is also one of the fastest-growing middle-income countries. EEZ+TIA is exclusive economic zone (EEZ) plus total internal area (TIA) which includes land and internal waters. Population in South Asia Ver.2020 (1960-2018) Source: World Bank With most populous functional democracy in world[253] and world's longest written constitution,[254][255][256] India has been stably sustaining the political system it adopted in 1950 with no regime change except that by a democratic election. [236][237] According to a citizen-led assessment, only 48% in Indian public schools and 46% of children in Pakistan public schools could read a class two level text by the time they reached class five. The sharp decline in China's population growth rate is expected to continue. Most countries have a female share of the population between 49 and 51 percent (within one percentage point of parity). As the graph below shows, over the past 58 … [85] In the past, a lack of a coherent definition for South Asia resulted in a lack of academic studies, along with a lack of interest for such studies. 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