Alluding to how Cape Town nearly ran out of potable water in 2018, Engelbrecht said a Day Zero drought for Gauteng was the single biggest of four climate risks South Africa faced in the near term. Open training opportunities in the humanitarian field. In Zimbabwe, at least 2 million people are facing starvation as the drought has also affected food production, according to the World Food Programme. In terms of severity of the situation, for the period October 2020 to March 2021, corresponding to the season when the survey was conducted (February 2021), eight districts and two IDP centres were classified in Alert (IPC AMN Phase 2), five districts and one IDP centre were classified in Acceptable (IPC AMN Phase 1). Flight Center, Famine Early Warning Systems Network (2016, January 22), Famine Early Warning Systems Network (2016, January 22-28), USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (2015, November 19), World Food Programme via reliefweb (2015). The Cape Town water crisis in South Africa was a period of severe water shortage in the Western Cape region, most notably affecting the City of Cape Town.While dam … Image of the Day Wilhite and Glantz 1 categorized the definitions in terms of four . The graph above shows how the NDVI for Lejweleputswa this season compares to previous seasons and to the mean from 2001–2015 (dashed gray line). Diminished and late rainfall, combined with long-term increases in … Emergency (IPC 4) outcomes prevail in parts of Southern Madagascar, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, Mozambique and Eswatini. Diminished rainfall, combined with soaring temperatures, has jeopardized the food security and energy supplies of millions of people in the region. Found insideClimate change affects us all, but it can be a confusing business. In this book, three scientists with several decades of experience in assessing the potential effects of climate change for the southern African region share their insights. Causes of Drought in South Africa 2019. It has been estimated that a million head of cattle . Physical geographers look at the landscapes, surface . Dry conditions are bringing food insecurity to several countries. The highly food insecure population requires urgent humanitarian assistance to reduce food gaps, protect and restore livelihoods and prevent acute malnutrition. That is equivalent to 45% of the country’s rural population. This includes around 1.5 million people in Crisis (IPC Phase 3) and around 240,000 people in Emergency (IPC Phase 4), who will require urgent humanitarian action to reduce food gaps, protect and restore livelihoods. Curated pages dedicated to humanitarian themes and specific humanitarian crises. War, food distribution problems, and drought have come together to push millions of people to the brink of starvation. As a result, Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes with some households in Emergency (IPC Phase 4) are expected to persist through at least September. Hunger will increase and affect 1.14 million from January to April 2021. Cape Town may have dodged the Day Zero bullet, but all across South Africa drought and rising demand is escalating a national water crisis. The natural-color images above were acquired by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments on NASA’s Terra and Aqua satellites. Drought Land The western part of Southern Africa is set to become drier, with increasing drought frequency and number of heat waves toward the end of the 21st century. ReliefWeb Labs projects explore new and emerging opportunities to improve information delivery to humanitarians. For example, when El Niño-related drought was forecast in September 2015, it was ten months before an emergency was declared. Hot and dry conditions associated with a strong El Niño left experts wondering if a record agricultural drought was in the works. The present Drought in South Africa is attributed to extremely poor rainfall in recent months, with the result that … Diminished rainfall, combined with soaring temperatures, has jeopardized the food security and energy supplies of millions of people in the region. Remote Sensing. Drought LONDON—Many countries in southern Africa are facing extended periods of drought, as the ongoing El Niño weather pattern continues to have a severe impact. With so little rainfall, sowing was delayed and plants could not emerge. The drought generally struck the whole Southern tip of the African continent with South Africa's maize belt being hit just as severely and Malawi experiencing its first maize deficit in a decade. The major drought of the early 1990s has thus become a 'benchmark drought period' in the southern African region and in South Africa , . Zimbabweans pushed to the brink in the face of drought and economic meltdown. This temperature anomaly map is based on data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Terra satellite. All the four urban zones analyzed (Blantyre, Lilongwe, Mzuzu, Zomba) are classified in IPC Phase 2 (Stressed) while the rural areas are in IPC Phase 2 (Stressed) – 16 areas out of the 28 analyzed - or in IPC Phase 1 (none/minimal). The southern African country has announced that it is expecting a … Drought is fast becoming a natural phenomenon in parts of East and South Africa. It does . Ecological Drought. Agricultural Drought. A months-long drought affecting most of southern Africa has led to serious food shortages for millions of people. Therefore, the country needs to prepare for this natural phenomenon. In 1992, southern Africa experienced its worst drought this century. An estimated 45 million people are threatened with hunger as a severe drought is strangling wide stretches of southern Africa Drought. Similar outcomes are currently ongoing in southern Madagascar, where production failed due to consecutive years of drought. Drought is a cyclical occurrence in Mediterranean and desert climates like those in California and Texas, but scientists say it's undeniable that climate change is … It is a serious problem for farmers and … Drought is a problem in South Africa and it affects farmers. 'I'm being sacrilegious but we need to look at artificial surfaces,' says the Wanderers groundsman, Evan Flint, amid . Drought is natural hazard of South Africa's climate, and it is expected worsen with climate change projections. Severe Drought in Southern Africa. Grain production is down 30 percent across the region; in Zimbabwe, where they are close to running out of their staple crop of maize, it is down 53 percent. Starting in early October, farmers in southern Africa typically plant maize (corn)—an important food staple—across millions of hectares of land. While the landscape is browner in 2018 (a hint at the long-term drought), the extent of the lake is greater than in 2019. (IPC, 26 Aug 2021). When comparing the 11 Member States that provided data last year, food insecurity increased by 28%. Hot and dry conditions associated with a strong El Niño left experts wondering if a record agricultural drought was in the works. Southern Africa is particularly susceptible to climate variability and drought and is increasingly being threatened by desertification processes, degradation of land and water resources and loss of biodiversity. to construct drought chronologies before the 20th century. More recently, the combined influence of drought, floods, economic instability, and … It is projected that about 1.98 million people (29% of the analysed population) will be facing high levels of acute food insecurity (IPC Phase 3 or above) and require urgent humanitarian action to reduce food gaps, protect and restore livelihoods and prevent acute malnutrition. Malawi, which now has an estimated 3.3 million people in Crisis or Emergency (IPC phase 3 and 4), and Zimbabwe, where nearly 2.4 million people are in Crisis or Emergency, have the highest numbers of severely food insecure people in the region. The Eastern Cape is of interest not just because of the severe drought that it is currently experiencing but also because its western parts lie near the transition … Drought-stressed vegetation reflects more visible light and less infrared than healthy green vegetation, and this can be detected by satellites. As the harvest continues across most of the region, most households, including the poor, are consuming foods from their own production. Farmlands and other vegetation also contended with unusually warm land surface temperatures in the first half of the growing season. Through this funding, WFP will deliver 2,380 MT of pulses to complement the Government’s maize for three months, giving 255,000 drought-affected people across the country the food and nutritional assistance they need. The key to drought preparedness and readiness is about knowing the what, how and when of the drought. According to meteorologists, October rains were late in 2019 and precipitation has been below normal this year. The World Food Council, in a . NASA Earth Observatory images by Lauren Dauphin, using MODIS data from NASA EOSDIS/LANCE and GIBS/Worldview. The 2015-2016 El Niño resulted in life-threatening extreme weather in many countries around the world. In Zimbabwe, 2.6 million people were severely food insecure from October to December 2020 due to the prevailing economic situation and erratic rainfall, and 3.4 million people are projected to be in Crisis (IPC Phase 3) or Emergency (IPC Phase 4) from January to March 2021. Drought Within the whole century, significant correlations between Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) and southern African Rainfall Index (SARI) were found in the periods (1900-1933 and 1970-1998) when SOI and SARI experienced high variability, and when southern Africa was affected by intense and extended droughts. The three months … "Drought, Desiccation and Discourse: Missionary Correspondence and Nineteenth-Century Climate Change in Central Southern Africa." Geographical Journal. Design. El Nino and drought take a toll on Zimbabwe's cattle Marko Phiri. Drought in Southern Africa. Zim and Zambia face imminent power generation shutdown at Lake Kariba. The situation has particularly deteriorated in the Western province, where five districts were classified in Crisis (IPC Phase 3). Human Presence "The scale of the drought devastation across southern Africa is staggering." The crisis is the result of extreme weather, especially a severe drought over large swaths of the continent, compounded . Water Latest humanitarian reports, maps and infographics and full document archive. 2016-02-23 14:49:56. According to Curt Reynolds of the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, rainfall in South Africa’s croplands from October through December 2015 was the lowest measured since at least 1981. This includes around 33,000 people in Emergency (IPC Phase 4) and 350,000 people in Crisis (IPC Phase 3). Written by scholars trained in economics and law, and with significant experience in African political economy, this book explores new ways to deal with conflict over the allocation of the waters of the Nile River and its tributaries. OCHA coordinates the global emergency response to save lives and protect people in humanitarian crises. In the current period, seven districts are classified as Crisis (IPC Phase 3 ) with the exception of Butha-Buthe, Leribe and Berea, where around 560,000 people are classified as Stressed (IPC Phase 2) and require support to maintain their livelihoods. Find help on how to use the site, read terms and conditions, view the FAQs and API documentation. emergency. Droughts in Southern Africa 1 Paper submitted for the XIII International Conference on Input-Output Techniques, University of Macerata, Italy, August 21st-25th 2000 Drought in Southern Africa: A Study for Botswana Scott McDonald1 Introduction Large parts of sub-Saharan Africa experience both low average rainfall and periodic and severe Day Zero on the back of drought in Southern Africa: Lessons for the future. Livestock farmers in southern Africa have suffered losses due to starvation and to early culling of herds forced by shortages of water and feed. Projection analyses of the situation indicate, that for the period April to September 2021, in districts with limited or no humanitarian access, by the end of the projection period, the situation is likely to deteriorate to Critical (IPC AMN Phase 4) in one district, to Serious (IPC AMN Phase 3) in three districts, and to Alert in four districts. Correspondingly the low vegetation appears . Diminished and late rainfall, combined with long-term increases in temperatures, have jeopardized the food security and energy supplies of millions of people in the region, most acutely in Zambia and Zimbabwe. In the Grand Sud of Madagascar, over 900,000 people faced severe food insecurity from October to December due to back-to-back droughts, compounded by COVID-19 and displacements due to the growing insecurity related to cattle raiding. Additionally, household access to milk will be lower than normal driven by poor livestock body conditions. The regional councils (local authorities) have recorded altogether 894 people in Omusati and Kunene regions who have crossed into Namibia in search of food. Poverty is expected to rise, jeopardizing decades of hard-won developmental gains in the region. Drought impacts in Southern Madagascar are widespread and severe, with 1.31 million persons targeted by humanitarian aid and agricultural losses up to 60% in the … The 2018-2020 Southern Africa drought is an ongoing period of drought taking place in Southern Africa.The drought began in late October 2018, and is … Brown areas show where plant health or “greenness” was below normal. Land Found insideDrought Challenges: Livelihood Implications in Developing Countries, Volume Two, provides an understanding of the occurrence and impacts of droughts for developing countries and vulnerable sub-groups, such as women and pastoralists. Starting in early October, farmers in southern Africa typically plant maize (corn)—an important food staple—across millions of hectares … (FEWS NET, 1 Feb 2019), President Hage Geingob [of Namibia] yesterday declared the current drought affecting 23 arid and semi-arid counties and pockets of other areas a national disaster. El Nino and drought take a toll on Zimbabwe's cattle Marko Phiri. Countries in Southern Africa such as the Republic of Mozambique and the Republic of South Africa have declared partial drought emergencies. SADC Synthesis Report 2019. List of organizations that are actively providing ReliefWeb with content. Remote Sensing. (New Era, 7 May 2019), An estimated 41.2 million people in 13 SADC Member States are food insecure this year. There are also pockets of people facing Emergency food insecurity (IPC phase 4) in Eswatini, Lesotho and Mozambique. and Red Crescent Societies. More frequent and intense … This led to localized production shortfalls coupled with the impact of COVID-19 on remittances, petty trade and self-employment activities. We advocate for effective and principled humanitarian action by all, for all. This book is the third in a series evaluating underexploited African plant resources that could help broaden and secure Africa's food supply. In Mozambique, conflict in Cabo Delgado Province—which had displaced more than 500,000 people by end-October—and drought in the semi-arid southern and central areas of the country drove Crisis (IPC Phase 3) levels of food insecurity. Learn more about ReliefWeb, leading online source for reliable and timely humanitarian information on global crises and disasters since 1996. identified in . This NDVI anomaly map, based on data from Terra MODIS, compares the health of vegetation in southern Africa from the dry season in 2019 versus the same period from 2000-2010. South Africa's worst drought in memory adds to economic gloom Reuters. South Africa's worst drought in memory adds to economic gloom Reuters. Deadly drought in Southern Africa leaves millions hungry. “We are seeing people going two to three days without food, entire herds of livestock wiped out by drought, and small-scale farmers with no means to earn money to tide them over a lean season.”. Overall Red Drought alert for Southern Africa-2018 in Ango-la, otswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland, South Africa … Additionally, in North Kivu and Ituri provinces, recent conflict has resulted in the government’s declaration of martial law. But the first half of the 2015-2016 growing season was far from typical. (IFRC, 9 Jun 2021), Crisis! Hydrological Drought. The drought is even blurring the divisions left by racially based planning under South Africa's harsh apartheid system that ended 25 years ago — with more affluent and mainly white residents living in developed areas and black and mixed-race residents in under-resourced townships. According to OCHA, as of April, over 732,000 people were displaced in Cabo Delgado. Worryingly for the sub-region, Angola, Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe have declared state of emergencies due to looming drought. identified in . Life Among them was Lejweleputswa, a district in northwest Free State. Remote Sensing, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. Around 3.6 million people are classified in Stressed (IPC Phase 2), experiencing a mild level of food insecurity, while 14.1 million people are food secure-- Minimal (IPC Phase 1). White pixels were normal, and gray pixels depict areas where data are missing due to cloud cover. Found insideThe report assesses the occurrence and impacts of drought, the current policies underlying drought management as well as the mitigation measures and responses adopted in the Near East and North Africa region, with a focus on the Agriculture ... Humanitarian needs are . It is also 7.4% higher than it was during the severe El Niño-induced drought of 2016/17. The organization highlighted how the creation of commercial cattle ranches on community land has driven pastoralist communities from their land since the end of the civil war in 2002 - a shift which left huge sections of the population food insecure and paved the way for a humanitarian crisis as the acute drought persists for over three years when drought struck over three years ago. This book is about how to build the knowledge necessary for planning adaptation to climate change in Sub-Saharan cities. Southern Africa is in for a bumpy, dry ride. The organization has issued a ''special alert'' to the international community about the ravages of drought in southern Africa. The United Nations Climate Action Summit scheduled for 23 September 2019 in New York, United States of America, presents a timely opportunity for urgent global . SADC Synthesis Report 2019. The dramatic declaration of Day . Meanwhile, in Madagascar, a Flash Appeal was launched to galvanize funding for rapid response in the Grand Sud region, where 890,000 people are severely food insecure. 'I'm being sacrilegious but we need to look at artificial surfaces,' says the Wanderers … Life, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer. Four districts - Sioma, Lunga, Shang'ombo and . It shows land surface temperatures (LSTs) in December 2015, compared to the long-term average conditions for that month from 2000–2015. The center of the drought occurred in western Free State and North West provinces, where 60 percent of South Africa's corn is typically grown (Figures 1-2). The United Nations estimates that more than 11 million people now face crisis levels of food … Shortages of basic food commodities in formal markets, including cooking oil, sugar and bread, were reported, especially in remote areas. As the peak of the drought hits in January 2016, the animations show the low soil moisture conditions in Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Botswana. By Dr. Michael Charles All countries in the Southern Africa are currently experiencing pockets of dryness. From El Niño to La Niña: Vegetation Response Patterns over East and Southern Africa during the 1997–2000 Period. Grays depict areas where data were not available, usually due to cloud cover. Red colors depict areas that were hotter than the average; blue colors were colder than average. Access your account or create a new one for additional features or to post job or training opportunities. To achieve this goal the scienti c Neither are the predictions optimistic. 1), is characterized by high rainfall variability with recurrent floods and droughts.The highest temperatures (in excess of 40 °C) occur over the Kalahari Desert, which stretches over southeast Namibia, southwest Botswana and northwest South . If governments don't take note, however, all the data collection and modelling is for nothing. The situation is not expected to improve in the coming months in the absence of above average rainfall. Hot and dry conditions associated with a strong El Niño left experts wondering if a record agricultural drought was in the works. Global climate models show that most areas in South Africa will … Human Presence In Zimbabwe, where 2.4 million people in rural areas were severely food insecure, the deteriorating economic situation caused sharp price increases and hampered access to food and agricultural inputs. Atypically high needs will also be driven by conflict in DRC and poor macroeconomic conditions in Zimbabwe. Find latest updates on global humanitarian responses, Joint Call for Action to Address the Impacts of Climate Change and a Deepening Humanitarian Crisis in Southern Africa, 2019 Zimbabwe Flash Appeal (January - June 2019), FAO in the 2019 humanitarian appeal: 2018/19 El Niño Response Plan for Southern Africa, View all Southern Africa: Drought - 2018-2021 Appeals and Response Plans, Innovative partnerships for sustainable solutions in Zimbabwe, Minimum Expenditure Basket in Malawi - Round 34: 26—30 July 2021 - A Look at Food Prices and Availability in Times of COVID-19, Burundi : Rapport de situation (10 septembre 2021), View all Southern Africa: Drought - 2018-2021 Updates, République Démocratique du Congo 2020 : Aperçu des résultats de la réponse humanitaire dans le 2e trimestre 2021 (à la date du 30 juin 2021), Democratic Republic of Congo Emergency Dashboard, July 2021, République Démocratique du Congo: Profil humanitaire : Sud-Kivu et Maniema juin 2021, View all Southern Africa: Drought - 2018-2021 Maps and Infographics, Zimbabwe Market Assessment: Market Functionality Index, May 2021, East Africa Regional Food Security & Nutrition Update (August 2021), Seasonal Forecast - Summary for Decision Makers (October to December 2021), Southern Africa (Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Namibia) Drought/Food Insecurity Emergency Appeal (MDR63003) Final Report, Horn of Africa: Locust Infestation - Oct 2019, DR Congo: Cholera and Measles Outbreaks - Jan 2013. DROUGHT CRISIS IN SOUTHERN AFRICA Effects of El Niño-induced drought in Southern Africa 2.1 Crop production failure and food deficit The immediate impact of drought in Southern Africa was crop failure. 2017 ), the Land Consequently, atypically high levels of acute food insecurity are likely during the 2019/20 lean season in most countries across the region, except in Madagascar, Malawi, and northern Mozambique. There are many causes of drought in Africa, there is a need to know the causes … Few studies are available. According to the World Food Program, southern Africa has received normal rainfall in just one of the past five growing seasons. Meteorological Drought. The Cape Town water crisis in South Africa was a period of severe water shortage in the Western Cape region, most notably affecting the City of Cape Town.While dam water levels had been declining since 2015, the Cape Town water crisis peaked during mid-2017 to mid-2018 when water levels hovered between 15 and 30 percent of total dam capacity. (IPC Phase 3!) In Southern Africa in 2015 and 2016, nearly 350 million dollars of emergency water and food aid were delivered, in part based on NASA data, to aid millions of people. Little effort has been made to research the nonagricultural or economywide macroneconomic impact of droughts in Sub-Saharan Africa. drought in southern Africa and persistent droughts in Sa-hel during 1970s and 1980s. Southern Africa Growing Season 2015–2016: Facing El Niño in Difficult Circumstances. Meanwhile, three districts in Zimbabwe and two districts in Madagascar were classified in Emergency (IPC phase 4) at the outset of the lean season, as a result of extreme loss of livelihood assets. Image of the Day Brown areas show where plant growth, or “greenness,” was below normal. In Kasai, DRCongo, in March, about 41,000 were displaced due to conflict. The map above depicts anomalies in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a measure of how plants absorb visible light and reflect infrared light. But early in the season, when crops are normally planted, many areas faced inadequate growing conditions. Therefore, the country needs to prepare for this … Image of the Day Southern Africa is suffering through its worst drought in several decades and perhaps a century. Humanitarian situation reports, response plans, news, analyses, evaluations, assessments, maps, infographics and more on Southern Africa: Drought - 2018-2021 The Famine Early Warning Systems Network (Fews NET) reports severe food shortages due to drought in southern … Conflict continues at relatively high levels in Cabo Delgado Mozambique and parts of the DRCongo. Mobilisation of resources for humanitarian. The United Nations estimates more than 11 million … Image of the Day Southern Africa has been hit by its worst drought in 35 years. The subcommittee heard testimony on the extent of a severe drought in several countries in southern Africa which has been continuing for twenty months. (IPC, 23 Jan 2020), More than 4.34 million people in rural Zimbabwe are acutely food insecure facing Crisis (IPC Phase 3) or worse from February-June 2020. This study was conducted to analyse the spatio-temporal variability of precipitation and drought intensity in an arid catchment in South Africa. Reynolds and other agricultural researchers track growing conditions around the world by analyzing the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a measure of how plants absorb visible light and reflect infrared light. The drought has been said to mainly be a result of the natural El Nino which brings drier conditions to Southern Africa and generally wetter ones to . The subsequent hunger . Flooding, high maize prices, and pests drive the country’s acute food insecurity despite a good harvest. Examining the economic forces that will shape Africa's future. Africa’s Lions examines the economic growth experiences of six fast growing and/or economically dominant African countries. However, the ways in which droughts are articulated, and the focus of individual accounts, vary considerably between different authors and historical source types. Life IPC, 30 Mar 2021), Angola has been experiencing episodes of drought since December last year with below average rainfall in the provinces of Cuanza Sul, Benguela, Huambo, Namibe and Huíla. Drought-stressed vegetation reflects more visible light and less infrared than healthy vegetation. Drought Delays 2015/16 Corn Planting in South Africa. Overall, households in Zimbabwe, Malawi, Lesotho, and most parts of Mozambique are anticipated to experience Stressed (IPC Phase 2) and Minimal (IPC Phase 1) through at least September. Greens indicate vegetation that is more widespread or abundant than normal for the time of year. (GIEWS, 22 Jan 2019), Approximately 10.8 million people were facing severe food insecurity in Southern Africa as 2018 came to an end. Drought Minimal seasonal improvement in food access is expected in southern Madagascar due to the expected limited harvest and associated income-earning opportunities. World’s Biggest Reservoir May Stop Producing Power Amid Drought. Assaf Anyamba, a remote sensing scientist with the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Technology Center, noted that some areas were hit particularly hard by the drought. NASA Earth Observatory images by Jesse Allen and Joshua Stevens, using vegetation anomaly and land surface temperature data provided by Jennifer Small, Ed Pak, and Assaf Anyamba, NASA GIMMS Group at Goddard Space Flight Center and the USDA Foreign Agriculture Service (FAS) Global Agricultural Monitoring Project (GLAM) Project. Months in the region, most households, including cooking oil, sugar and bread, were,. Nations ( UN ) has warned that around 49 million people to the brink of starvation data collection modelling... Nonagricultural or economywide macroneconomic impact of droughts in Sub-Saharan cities pests drive the country to be areas! Africa continues to feel the impacts of the DRCongo services ( NARES,... 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